Fungal disease that attacks especially elms. The causative fungus is Ophiostoma spp. The disease is transmitted between roots of adjacent specimens, but mainly by spore transmission by vector insects. Inside the tree, the spores colonize the vascular system, releasing toxins that block the xylem and ultimately kill the tree. The main symptom is a general wilting of the plant, progressive from the secondary branches to the main ones. As the root is weakened, the tree is susceptible to being felled by the wind.

Mainly in those of the Cupressaceae family. In humid seasons and with moderate or warm temperatures, spores are released that are disseminated by the wind, insect vectors, pruning tools, and splashing drops of water from rain or irrigation. They infect healthy trees from wounds or natural openings. The conidia accumulate on the trunk and branches, causing cankers, from which the inoculum spreads to the entire plant and to other healthy trees, thus continuing its biological cycle.

Polyphagous fungus that generally behaves as a saprophyte, without causing significant damage. When the tree is weakened, the mycelium continues its growth from the base of the tree towards the main roots, then the secondary ones and finally the finer ones, causing girdling of the roots and the neck and finally death by vascular collapse. It can also infect by contact with roots of other adjacent trees, so that it can affect large areas of land. It manifests itself like other vascular diseases, with generalized yellowing in the crown.